In Memorium: Mary Dunn, In Gratitude

With great appreciation for the star that lived among us, the Iyengar community said goodbye to Mary Dunn on September 4, 2008. She passed peacefully with her family in New York. The daughter of Mary Palmer, who introduced Mr. B.K.S. Iyengar to America in 1974, Mary Dunn moved to San Diego in 1980 and championed the growth of both the Iyengar Yoga Institute in San Diego and the Institute in San Francisco. She was instrumental in opening the fledgling Los Angeles Institute in 1984, traveling monthly to teach and serve as a mentor. Her dedication and people skills nurtured the success of these communities. In 1986, Mary moved to New York and helped to grow the Iyengar Yoga Institute of New York into one of the finest schools in the U.S.

Mary Dunn

Mary Dunn

Certified at the Junior Advanced level, Mary said that Iyengar Yoga was the place where her life interests and life work came together because it was in her teaching where she synthesized her love of English, history, music, the arts and philosophy, garnered through her education at the University of Wisconsin.

Her generosity as a teacher is simply unmatched. As a senior teacher in New York and leading workshops worldwide, Mary was an unstoppable combination of knowledge, enthusiasm and perseverance. She made the philosophy of yoga come alive and dance in her classes. Her teaching was lofty and accessible, majestic and fun. She embodied the possibility of transformation, and then guided us to find our own path forward.

She was a rare individual who lived with grace, joy, compassion, tremendous vitality and the contagious enthusiasm to support community wherever she was. She will continue to be a light among us. She taught us how to live, and, in her dying, how to embrace every moment with complete awareness and receptivity.

Guruji B.K.S. Iyengar counseled members of the Iyengar community to read the following slokas from the Bhagavad Gita:

10. As they stood between the two armies, Sri Krishna smiled and replied to Arjuna, who had sunk into despair.

11. Sri Krishna said, You speak sincerely, but your sorrow has no cause. The wise grieve neither for the living nor for the dead.

13. As the same person inhabits the body through childhood, youth, and old age, so too at the time of death he attains another body. The wise are not deluded by these changes.

22. As a man abandons worn-out clothes and acquires new ones, so when the body is worn out a new one is acquired by the Self, who lives within.

23. The Self cannot be pierced by weapons or burned by fire; water cannot wet it, nor can the wind dry it.

24. The Self cannot be pierced or burned, made wet or dry. It is everlasting and infinite, standing on the motionless foundations of eternity.

25. The Self is unmanifested, beyond all thought, beyond all change. Knowing this, you should not grieve.

26. Oh mighty Arjuna, even if you believe the Self to be subject to birth and death, you should not grieve.

27. Death is inevitable for the living; birth is inevitable for the dead. Since these are unavoidable, you should not sorrow.

28. Every creature is unmanifested at first and then attains manifestation. When its end has come, it once again becomes unmanifested. What is there to lament in this?

29. The glory of the Self is beheld by a few, and a few describe it; a few listen, but many without understanding.

30. The Self of all beings, living within the body, is eternal and cannot be harmed. Therefore, do not grieve.


Guruji said that Mary is “a clean and clear person, and she now has freedom. We have lost a dear, good friend. She is noble.” He stated that because of the life that Mary led, her soul has the imprint of yoga, which she will no doubt carry into the next life.

Specifics about a memorial service will be announced. A celebration of the life of Mary Dunn is being planned for early 2009 at the New York Institute. At her request, in lieu of flowers, donations may be sent to: IYAGNY, 150 West 22nd St., 11th Floor, New York, NY 10011

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My Ask the Expert articles in Yoga Journal

Yoga Journal asked me to answer several questions submitted by readers, in their Ask the Expert column.

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Survival

Finally, what to do on a Saturday night? The music is blaring a rock tune in Marathi,the language of Maharashtra. I am sitting in a little 5 foot by 2 foot cubicle, mustard yellow, rock and roll baby.. my laptop hooked up to their internet.
Survival. The first three weeks were rough, I came down with a bronchial infection almost right away, but resisted antibiotics. The pollution here is so bad.. One night we surfaced from a fabulous pranayama class, stoned out of our minds and high on prana, to emerge into a cloud of smoky DDT mosquito prevention treatment… we ran to the park to get back to our flat, only to see the cloud get thicker… Panic, everyone. another adventure in the land of contrasts.
There are regular power outages, ours is from 8am to 9am. So we plan our morning showers with the geyser, which delivers about a 5 minute hot shower, before the power goes out. However,we had never had a night time outage. I lent my flashlight to Leslie, as they were going to the Ellora caves. We had no candles… and of course, 10 pm, black as pitch. The only reliable battery operated pack we had was the laptop. Have you ever brushed your teeth to the light of a laptop? Even Microsoft would never have imagined that.

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Ladies Class

Adho Muka Virasana
Adho Muka Svanasana, lengthen sides of chest
Uttanasana, concave spine to lengthen sides of torso, then hands alongside feet
Uttanasana, hands taken well back of feet, fingers point same direction as toes. Maintain length in sides of torso, armpit chest well open
Prasarita Padottanasana, concave spine, use everything to lengthen sides of chest
Prasarita Padottanasana, hands in line with feet, then head in line
Parsvottanasana, first hands at waist and concave spine, lift, then, arms overhead to extend side waist, then hands to either side of foot, then hands back toward back leg
Padangusthasana
Urdhva Ekai Pada Prasarita Padottanasana; standing leg as in Uttanasana, draw femur into the socket
Pada Hastasana
Adho Muka Vrksasana 2x
Pincha mayurasana (folded sticky mat under elbows, belt)
Sirsasana,
Parsva Sirsasana
Eka Pada Sirsasana; keep back waist long as you lower leg, notice how the abdominal wall draws back, maintain length
Parsva Sirsasana, maintain abdominal action from Eka Pada Sirsasana
Repeat Eka Pada Sirsasana & Parsva Sirsasana
Bharadvajasana 1
Trianga muka pada paschimottanasana
Ardha Baddha padma Paschimottanasana, do not hook foot over thigh, toes point back
Bharadvajasana 2
Kronchasana, lengthen sides of torso, femur into the socket, and extend the waist from the navel up. From the navel down, abdominal wall draws in as in Eka pada Sirsasana
Paschimmottanasana
Janusirsasana, bent leg foot into the extended leg thigh, not drawn back far
Baddha Padmasana
Sarvangasana
Halasana
Parsva Halasana
Savasana

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Backbending over and beyond

For the last 3 classes, she has been emphasizing to pull the trapezius muscle down and to fit the arm in the shoulder

Adho Muka Virasana
Adho Muka Svanasana
Uttanasana
Adho Muka Vrksasana, press heel of hand down, arms straight, absolutely straight. Kick up alternating, lower with both legs at once
Adho Muka Vrksasana, kick up with both legs, balance, lower with both legs
Pincha Mayurasana, note how long the upper arms bones are
Sirsasana 5”
Parsva Sirsasana, maintain length of upper arm bones while turning
Parvritta Eka pada Sirsasana , do not drop the lumbar, do not spread legs too far. Maintain length of upper arm. Come back to center, note position of upper arms, do not change. Do not puff abdomen, lumbar moves up and that brings abdomen in towards lumber spine.
Come down, change interlock: repeat Parsva Sirsasana & Parvritta Eka pada Sirsasana
Urdhva Dhanurasana at wall, hands on tightly rolled blanket. Press down through heel of hand to fix shoulder into back. Trapezius muscle down down down the back, outer arm rolls in.
Tadasana, coil back ribs in and take upper arms back, fix scapulae in. Keep imprint.
Urdhva Dhanurasana at wall, hands turned out on blanket. Elbows straight
Viparita Dandasana: elbows against blanket, press forearms down and move chest toward wall, walk in with feet. Repeat 3 x
Urdhva Dhanurasana at wall, hands on floor, press heels of palms to fix humorus in socket. Elbows locked.
Viparita Dandasana as above
Kapotasana, hands toward wall, lumbar down, lift chest, open thoracic. Walk down wall.
Do not bend in the lumbar, that is an egoistic action. Opening in thoracic, in chest is a sattvic action. Lift!
Eka Pada Raj Kapotasana preparation: front leg in Marichyasana (deep lunge), back leg straight like in Hanumanasana. Touch fingers to the floor, open chest, head back, coil back ribs in.. go, further.. hands further back.
Halasana with bolster, tumble and then roll upper arms back, stretch arms back, take shoulder heads back away from bolster.
Savasana

If you watch Guruji practice now, you will see the sattvic action. He is still learning what it is to practice in old age. His age is teaching him. You all do with egoistic and rajasic action. Learn!

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First class with Geetaji, cosmetic knees!

You must have stability in the legs, absolutely straight knees, open the skin in the back of the leg to move the muscle into the skin, move the inner back thigh to the outer thigh to straighten the leg.

Sthirim Sukam Asanam
You cannot have sukham if you do not have sthiram.. without stability and a firm container you will not have the safety net to be content, you will worry here and get distracted there. You think that by letting go you will find realization, but without stability you will simply find dissipation and distraction and disturbance. You must bring full attention and make the legs straight to enable the abdominal organs to lift properly and to lengthen the frontal spine.

Adho Mukha Virasana
Adho Mukha Svanasana: open skin in back of leg from inside out, take shin back
Prasarita Padottanasana: concave spine, then head to floor
Uttanasana (feet hip width), no saggy knees, we look at the face to see age, when we should look at the knees. A person may have a young face and old knees, we walk with our knees, we must make them to remain young! I do not care about your face for health, I care about your knees.
Sirsasana 10” Make the length of the arm as long as the length of the legs, make the arm length link to the leg length, make the arms to join the lengthening of the torso and the legs. Do not let loose. Knees straight.
Adho Mukha Svanasana
Adho Mukha Vriksasana do not shrink in the armpits, maintain the length in the side body, come down with both legs straight.
Pincha Mayurasana
Utthita Trikonasana; suck the thigh bone deep into the hip socket, as if there is a cave in there. Knees straight. Come up with the back leg knee absolutely solid, no wavering
Ardha Chandrasana
Uttanasana, feet together
Virabhadrasana III; standing leg, move the inner thigh to the outer thigh and the outer thigh straight back toward the back heel.
Eka Pada Prasarita Padottanasana; make the outer standing leg shin long and thin, move it into the bone, make it as long as the leg itself. Then lift the lifted leg higher.
Uktasanana
Utthita Hasta Padangustasana; root of the standing leg thigh and the lower abdomen teach the pose, take the root of thigh back and from there lift the abdomen up
Vrksasana
Virasana + parvottasana in virasana; trapezius muscle down the back, pectorals should remain passive, arms locked. We held this a long long time.. (deep imprint of the placement of the top sternum lifted with the pectoral muscles passive)
Parighasana; bottom arm like in parsvakonasana
Parvritta Janusirsasana
Paschimottanasana
Sarvangasana
Halasana
Sarvangasana
Savasana

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Tolerate Tranquility, Prashant

We have different phases to what we do and we must understand what to do and for whom we are doing it and when to do what we do. First there is the Learning phase, and then the Studying phase.
We cannot really study until we have learned. When have we learned? When we know how and why we are doing something. Are you doing it for the physical effect, the pranic effect, the mental or emotional effect? What is your intention? If it is physical, is it for the legs, by the legs, with the legs?
In the deepening process, we first do the kriya, the physical expression and experience of the pose, bones, muscles, and fascia. Then the pranic body becomes ignited and we can access the experience and expression of the mudras. Is it the pelvic diaphragm, the udana vayu, the samana vayu (these are energetic areas in the subtle body that allopathic or western medicine does not recognize, but which are very potent once you understand them).. Finally, the asana happens.
Janusirshatkriya: first phase, physical, “Kriya”, the action basis, musculo-skeletal
Janusirmudra: second phase, pranic, “Mudra”, subtle body, bandhas
Janusirsasana: the mastery of the asana when the “dvandva” (pair of opposites) ceases
Stages of yoga…
Yoga = union
Viyoga = dissolution, we must know how to disengage, what needs to be disengaged and lost, for example krodha, modha, lobha, aversion, dullness, doubt. So much of yoga is dispelling something, not doing something. We always think of what we have to do, but there is so much that has to be let go and dispelled.
Sanyoga = what happens, conjunction. Not an intentional doing, but the effect of a composite set of actions or events.
Prayoga = the practice
Viniyoga = when we intentfully arrive at a new place and continue to work without losing ground.

Adho muka svanasana at ropes, long long holds
Adho Muka svanasana & uttanasana
Adho muka svanasana at ropes, long long holds
Janusirsasana, 3x, why are you doing it now, how are you doing it now
Adho muka svanasana at ropes, long long holds
Ardha baddha padma paschimottanasana, trianga ekaipada paschimottanasana
Adho muka svanasana at ropes, long long holds
Uttanasana

Now we will see how we can practice the Standing poses with the tranquility of the forward bends… We speak of energy management, and yet we are stress management experts; but we must become de-stress managers. We must learn to tolerate tranquility. We get to a quiet place and are ready to go on to the next thing. Just as a fly is drawn to sugar, it is sweet, the fly develops a liking, a preference to something sweet, so we can be drawn to the contemplative, tranquil state. We must learn to stay there and develop a preference for it.

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We have arrived

Well well well.. what happened to Lisa and gang.. one week off the map.
Diwali happened. A four day holiday celebrating goodness and light vanquishing evil and the demonic energies in us and in the universe.. Diwali, now the Indian equivalent to our Christmas with holiday gift giving, pre-holiday sales and shopping sprees, sweets galore and, the one definitively different characteristic, which made us high tale it down to Goa, is the fire crackers. For 48 hours, children of all ages set off the most hair raising fireworks imaginable. Boom, bang, pop, sizzle, bang, jump jump jump. The city has this haze of sulfur that settles over the otherwise festive preparations of Rangoli –

So, off to Goa we went, five days in the sun and sand, plenty of time to acclimate to the pollution, even in Goa. I think my sinuses decided to put a barrier up between me and the environment. Only now, two weeks later, can I breath easily!

We are now in Pune, classes are not too crowded, and great. Guruji practices in the morning, we practice, we all practice under the sacred rooftop at the Institute. I will begin adding notes soon..

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My new book The Longevity Diet is now available

Update: The second edition is out! Read about what’s in the new edition here.

It is practical and conversational introduction to the scientific evidence and application of Calorie Restriction. It also has a small section on yoga, and stress reduction, which are key to extending your vital years.

It’s available now on Amazon, and has received good reviews so far.

A portion of the book can be read on Google Books.

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Ganesha Pilgrimage

Shree Ashtavinayaka Darshan. The eight holy shrines of Ganapati:

: SHREE GANESHAYA NAMAH :

As noted in our guidebook, Gana means people and Pati means leader. Hence, Ganapati, or Ganesha, is the leader of the people. I always begin my workshops with a prayer to Ganesha, that he remove any obstacles that may arise, and that he preside and be pleased with the teachings that I pass on. One of my teachers once remarked that we are all too obsessed with ourselves, and that we really are not that “important”. In modern parlance, “get over your small self”. With a mental bow and a silent prayer, I acknowledge my position as a conduit in the larger scheme of things.

Every hindu religious function begins with a prayer to Ganesha. As such, he is the remover of obstacles. An interesting twist, however, is that for many of us, the obstacles may jump right up in our face! As we continue our sadhana, the burning tapas of awakening to an understanding of the patterns that inhibit us, or the beliefs that bind, us may become a trial by fire. Ganesha tries to help remove the obstacles by first revealing the seeds, and this will always push us out of our comfort zone.

From the guidebook: “Lord Ganesha is also a God of wisdom and prudence, and a good scribe and learned in scriptures. It was he, who at the dictation of the sage Vyasa, wrote the Mahabharata. Before agreeing to write it down, Ganesha stipulated that the diction should never falter and sage Vyasa in turn stipulated that Ganapati should never pen down the shlokas without understanding the meaning.” So it was an oral tradition, to be lived, absorbed, and fully embodied before being passed on.

“The huge body and capacious belly of lord Ganesha is said to represent the cosmos or the universe and the trunk of his elephant head, turned towards the left, symbolizes OM which is the symbol of the universal soul. His elephant head denotes superior intelligence and the snake around his waist represents cosmic energy. The noose is to remind us that all worldly attachments are a noose and the hook often seen in his hand is to prod us to the path of righteousness. The broken tusk of Lord Ganesha is symbolic of knowledge as it is with this tusk that he wrote down the Mahabharata. The modak, or sweet, in his hand is to remind us of the sweetness of one’s inner self.”

“The awkward and corpulent physical form of Ganesha teaches us that beauty of the outward form has no connection with inner beauty or spiritual perfection and Ganesha on his vehicle, the mouse symbolizes the equal importance of the biggest and the smallest of creatures in the eyes of the supreme God.”

The temples house the “Swayambhu” or self-emanated stone forms of Ganesha. Each stone in some way resembles the head, trunk, and in some, the body of the elephant God. It was a particularly fun trip for Ross, and myself, as we have our own “Swayambhu” that we found at Muir Beach, by the light of the rising full moon, on the seashore. It is a stone about 12 inches high, with a very distinguishable trunk and eyes. He resides with us and is the center piece of our alter.

The journey began early on a Saturday morning. Michelle, Peri, Ross, Annie and I packed into an AC SUV. We were prepared that the journey would be a long one. The first day was hot, dusty, and followed on the heels of a late night birthday party for Ross’s 43rd. Such an auspicious beginning for him! I purchased a special mala that he could take with him and offer up for blessings at each site.

Suffice it to say that the 400 kilometers traveled in a 14 hour period left us pretty tired! Michelle and Peri bailed on the second day. It definitely takes time to acclimate to India, and a pilgrimage is not exactly comfortable.

While India can be laborious, it can also be enchanting. From our privileged vantage point, in our AC car, we soaked in the beautiful countryside; the grape, pea, and sugarcane fields; the festival processions along the roadside, bright turbaned heads singing; people moving herds of goats, sheep, donkeys, small horses; the women carrying urns of drinking water piled atop their heads at sunset; the women washing clothes, women picking produce, women cooking chapatis, women carrying children, women women women hold up the society here, while the men preserve the holy rituals. Some things are slow to change!

I submit this story and a few of my personal reflections (which I would normally keep private) to you as an example of how you can shape and celebrate your spiritual journey. And how you might commemorate, and hence affirm your spiritual path. I find that such physical acts pour strength of purpose into my otherwise seemingly haphazard life. Sometimes I ask for clarification, or I set an intention, perhaps I ask for a blessing for myself or for someone else. These are but a few ruminations, I invite you to share yours.

What follows are brief descriptions of each temple. We would purchase flowers for performing puja to the deities; and offer rupees to the priests who maintain the temple. They would often give us prasad, little sugar candies or ghee and chickpea flour balls as sacred food. It is different than the Christian personification of offering the wafer as the body of Christ. Rather, as nourishment would be to a child, it is to saturate the subtle body with the blessings of the God/Goddess. Chanting mantras, shlokas or prayers, a procession of women in saris, children, men with hands in devote prayer and lips silently moving, would slowly move toward the inner sanctum. Upon entering the sanctuary, I ring a bell to announce my petition to the deities. And once inside, I would touch my forehead to the foot of the alter and either wait for my spontaneous supplication or say my prayer.

Shree Moreshwar, Morgaon. Shree Moreshwar, who is far from three qualities, who is Swayambhu, who is without any form, who resembles OMKAR, who is always in fourth state of yoga … spontaneous prayer that I may be a graceful conduit for the transition to Mahasamadhi for both my parents. This thought arose the moment my head touched the shrine. It seems to correspond with being in the fourth state of yoga, the turya state, beyond form, beyond the physical body … Mahasamadhi

Shree Siddhivinayak, Siddhatek. By small row boat we were ferried across an industrial zone of a river that was being dredged of its rock to make cement. No connection with this one, too hot. It was like a sauna inside the temple, and the priests were probably in a bad mood! We did have a lovely outdoor picnic though!

Shree Chintamani, Theur. “Here the restless mind should be taken to get rid of all obstacles and calamities”. Beautiful marble sitting hall, Gansha yantras … found myself reciting sutra 1.33 of Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras (look it up, it is most special, the only place in the sutras where Patanjali mentions compassion):

Maitri Karuna Mudito Upekshanam sukha dukha punya apunya vaishayam bhanavataha cittaprasadanam.

Shree Mahaganapati, Ranjangaon. The great “maha” Ganapati. We arrived after dark and were greeted at the gate to this final temple of our first day by two huge, circa 15 feet tall, idols, or door keepers named Jay and Vijay. I requested the boon that I may remain in good health so that I can fulfill the former two prayers. This temple was encased by a large pavilion for feasting and feeding the pilgrims. One wall was decorated with various stories of Ganesha and Shiva (Ganesha’s father) exploits vanquishing evil, teaching, healing, and celebrating. It was a fitting end to the first day. We left home at 8 in the morning, and returned at 9 in the evening. I went upside down to quiet my overheated nervous system, and ate a light dinner.

Shree Vighneshwar Vinayak, Ozar. By the riverside. The story goes that there was a king who performed great sacrifices. Indra thought that this sacrifice, if completed, might deprive him of his post. (Note the jealous gods, even though we expect our teachers to be embodiments of their teaching, we are not surprised to find that the gods have petty characteristics. Have we fashioned the gods after our own dramas?) Hence, he ordered Kala, (time) to create obstacles in the sacrifice. The fierce kala has hence created obstacles for sages and all others.

I prayed that my insight be awakened, and for a deepening of the meditation practice, which will only come with my own hard work and a little bit of grace.

Shree Girjatmaj Vinayaka, Lenyadri. On the mountain, 18 Buddhist meditation caves, and Ganesha inhabits one of them. This is the baby Ganesha, born of Parvati’s prayers. For me, that as I continue my sadhana, I remain innocent and fresh, not naive; but as if “seeing” for the first time with the insight of my 49 years.

After a bumpy 4 hours through green woods and fields, we arrived at a more remote site. Along the way we passed an evening carnival complete with two Ferris wheels. They were spinning so fast I would be afraid to climb on board!

Shree Ballaleshwar, Pali. This story reveres the devotion of a Brahmin boy who inspired his fellow children to sing and dance the name of Gajanan (Ganesha). My prayers for devotion to erase any doubt I may have in myself.

Shree Varadvinayak, Mahad. We arrived late, around 9pm. Families were doing their own puja, which was a fitting conclusion to my journey. Again, I asked that my parents transition be smooth, and that I be an embodiment of wisdom absorbed through their parenting. That my meditations and remembrance of sacred space and the sacred flame remain alive, and that I return in two years time.

Om Namah Ganapati!

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